Now it’s clear to me it’s all about mudguard clearance. Not brake or fork clearance.
Well yes and no - it's the brake that restricts how high you can set the mudguard and the fork fitting which dictates the distance from crown to blocks.
But yes, not having a mudguard in that space frees it up for more tyre!
A couple of other variables -
Where it becomes borderline, rim width will play a part in the tyre's shape.
Mudguard profile doesn't always maximise the space.
Thorn's direct fitting gets the guard as high in the crown as possible, for anyone using a bracket some modification can sometimes help get it higher.
Peoples definition of "acceptable clearance" varies
Running your brakes wide can get an extra mm or two, use the deepest pads and have them no closer to the rims than needed (I do this anyway, IMO it offers better braking at the cost of more frequent adjustment)
My bike with those brakes has the blocks right at the bottom of the slots and takes a tyre measuring 30mm and guards or one measuring 35mm without. That's with my definition of acceptable clearance which is more than others I've seen, but not enough to stop them getting clogged up on mucky lanes.