On the bike, there are a couple personal preference issues. First, some people for touring prefer flat bars (upright) and others prefer drop bars (think, racing bike handlebars). You need to decide which you would want before you buy.
Second, some people tour with very light weight, but most people I have seen touring carry four panniers, sometimes a handlebar bag, and usually a bag on top of the rear rack. If you would do it like most, you need a pretty solid bike to handle that kind of weight.
I met a gal several years ago that was about 70 or 80 percent complete with her around the world tour. She started in the UK, went through Europe, was in Eastern Europe when her bike and all her gear was stolen. It was high end expensive equipment. She did not have a lot of money, so she bought what she could and continued on through Asia, to west coast of North America. I am in central USA, that is where I met her. I would not have wanted to tour more an a few hundred miles on her bike, but she was doing well with a low budget rigid frame mountain bike.
I met another gal that was in year seven of her big trip. Started in South Africa which was her home, rode through Africa, Europe, Asia (including China), Australia, back to Asia, Japan, Canada, and I met her on the west coast of USA. She estimated her bike had 100,000 km on it. She said most components on it had been replaced several times, her tent with a couple bends in the tent poles was two years old. The attached two photos are of her and her bke. I would never have picked a mountain bike with an air suspension front fork for a trip like that, but that is what she had. The bike was covered with stickers on where she had been.
For bike touring I like to have a handlebar bag that I can unclip from my bike in seconds. That has my valuables and whenever I go into a restaurant or store, the handlebar bag is hanging over my shoulder. My point is that keep your valuables with you at all times. I have never bothered to bring my valuables into a shower in a dry bag with me when at a campground shower or hostel shower, but I have heard of people that do that. My point is that you will probably have some of your stuff stolen at some time, figure out how to make sure that you don't lose it all.
This website has lots and lots of photos of touring bikes, you click on a small photo to see a larger version, it might give you an idea on what is out there and what others are doing:
http://www.pbase.com/canyonlands/fullyloadedGood luck.