It would be possible:
- gear hangar clamped on solid axle rear hub.
- maybe problems for fitting multiple chainrings in correct position.
- maybe problems for fitting a front derailleur in correct position.
- cable stops for derailleurs not fitted so fully enclosed cable runs (not necessarily a bad thing IMO).
So more of a bodge than using a Shimano gear hub, and IMO better to use a Sherpa frame or other derailleur-specific frame. I used an old steel mountain bike frame with similar geometry and weight (but not strength) to the Thorn Nomad for my Spain tour, it performed very well.
If Rohloff too expensive, I reckon it would be better to use a Shimano hub gear on a Raven.
Alfine (8 or 11) or Nexus 8 will fit, not quite as neatly as the Rohloff the frame is designed for.
I noticed very little difference in efficiency doing a conversion the other way (on my old mountain bike after my Spain tour - 3x7 derailleur to Nexus 8 Premium). I reckon this is a good alternative to a derailleur and to Rohloff if you don't need too wide a range - 8 speed Nexus is sufficient for me for local use.